Nepotism is
often left out of ethics codes because it does not seem all that unethical. Another reason for leaving nepotism out is that it is
so common, especially in the uniformed departments, that local
government officials are afraid to touch it. When nepotism rules do
appear, they often provide for grandfathering in current
nepotism, and for waivers, even if waivers are not available for other
ethics code violations.